ISSN 1000-1239 CN 11-1777/TP

• 信息安全 •

### 基于沙普利值计算的区块链中PoS共识机制的改进

1. 1(山东大学计算机科学与技术学院 济南 250000);2(山东大学软件学院 济南 250000) (sdnulyr@126.com)
• 出版日期: 2018-10-01
• 基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(61632020)；国家自然科学基金项目(61572294，61602287)；山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017MF021)；山东省重点研发计划(2018GGX101037)；山东省科技重大创新工程项目(2018CXGC0702)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2017JC019)；山东省高等学校科学技术计划项目(J15LN16)

### Improvement of the PoS Consensus Mechanism in Blockchain Based on Shapley Value

Liu Yiran1, Ke Junming1, Jiang Han2, Song Xiangfu1

1. 1(School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250000);2(Software College, Shandong University, Jinan 250000)
• Online: 2018-10-01

Abstract: Blockchain has attracted much attention for its decentralization, tamper-proof, easy to verify and other notable advantages. But for the blockchain, its most fundamental attribute is decentralization. This requires a good consensus mechanism to be established. At present, the common consensus mechanisms include the proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism, the proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, the proof-of-activity (PoA) consensus mechanism, and so on. However, these consensus mechanisms didn’t give a specific scheme for the reward distribution of participating nodes. Based on the principle of calculating Shapley value in Game Theory, this paper improves the distribution of reward in the mechanism of the PoS consensus mechanism, makes the reward distribution of the nodes participated in the generated block in the PoS mechanism more fair and reasonable, and it can also reverse the social stratification in the blockchain, thus greatly improving the possibility of the new small node gaining the benefit. In addtion, we apply the same ideas in the Ouroboros protocol to improve its revenue distribution algorithm so that it satisfies survivability and durability.