Abstract: As more and more items are tagged with RFID tags. The grouping-proof technology which is used to produce a coexistence evidence with a group of related items is becoming more and more widely used. In the RFID grouping-proof protocol, how to generate reliable grouping-proof without threat to the tag information security and how to improve the protocol efficiency are search hotspots in RFID security area. In the off-line grouping-proof protocol, the proof data generally verified by the verifier to guarantee the privacy and security of tag information, the reader is only used to collect the grouping proof data, which cut down the responding speed to the illegal proof data in protocol. To enhance the grouping-proof efficiency and prevent DoP (deny of proof) attack, a RFID anonymous grouping-proof protocol using dual-layer verification (AGPDL) has been proposed. The AGPDL uses the elliptic curve cryptosystem as an encryption means. In this protocol, dual-layer verification is used. Reader are authorized to verify the validity of group-proof without knowing the identity of tags. After that, the final verification process and tag authentication are finished by the verifier in background server. Through the security and performance analysis, the AGPDL can provide the security and privacy about tag’s information, prevent the replay and impersonate attack, Furthermore, it has the ability to prevent the system overhead caused by invalid submission of grouping-proofs from reader with better scalability.