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    基于区块链的分布式物联网信任管理方法研究

    Blockchain-Based Trust Management Framework for Distributed Internet of Things

    • 摘要: 随着物联网(Internet of things, IoT)技术的发展,在不同的物联网之间逐渐形成了大规模、异构化、动态化的分布式物联网环境.分布式物联网内的设备间与物联网管理机构间存在着广泛的合作需求,为此需要在其中建立信任机制以促进合作.然而,现有的信任机制研究大部分脱离于物联网环境,没有考虑物联网设备计算与存储能力有限且差异较大这一特点,造成抽象信任机制研究无法直接应用于物联网中;另一方面,现有的物联网信任问题研究都依赖于额外的可信第三方或域间信任假设,这在实际中是难以实现的.为了解决上述问题,借助区块链与风险理论,提出一种适用于分布式物联网的信任管理方法.具体地,将信任量化为对期望信用与风险的考察,并借助区块链实现信任数据的有效共享与安全性.实验与分析表明:该方案能够有效量化信任,保护数据不被篡改,且能够以较低的存储开销维护系统的正常运行.

       

      Abstract: With the development of the Internet of things (IoT) technology, a new scenario emerges among various IoT networks in which different IoT networks form a large-scale, heterogeneous and dynamic distributed IoT environment. There is a need for various cooperations among devices and IoT authorities, for which it is necessary to establish a trust mechanism to promote cooperation. However, the existing researches on trust mechanism are mostly separated from the IoT environment, and do not consider the resource limitations of IoT devices as well as great differences among them in computing and storage capabilities, which results in the study of abstract trust mechanisms can not be directly applied to IoT. On the other hand, the existing researches on the issues of IoT trust rely on additional trusted third-party or inter-domain trust assumption, which is hard to be achieved in practice. In order to solve the above problems, we propose a trust management method which is suitable for distributed IoT with the help of blockchain and risk theory. Specifically, we embody the abstract concept of trust as an examination of expected credit and risk, and enable effective sharing of trust data using blockchain. Experimental simulation and analysis show that our method can quantify the trust effectively, protect the data from being tampered and have lower storage cost.

       

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