关键词: 日志, 异常检测, 云数据中心, 词嵌入, CNN, LSTM

Abstract: Benefit from the rapid development of natural language processing and machine learning methods, log based automatic anomaly detection is becoming increasingly popular for the software and hardware systems in cloud datacenters. Current unsupervised learning methods, requiring no labelled anomalies, still need to obtain a large number of normal logs and generally suffer from low accuracy. Although current supervised learning methods are accurate, they need much labelling efforts. This is because the syntax of different types of logs generated by different software/hardware systems varies greatly, and thus for each type of logs, supervised methods need sufficient anomaly labels to train its corresponding anomaly detection model. Meanwhile, different types of logs usually have the same or similar semantics when anomalies occur. In this paper, we propose LogMerge, which learns the semantic similarity among different types of logs and then transfers anomaly patterns across these logs. In this way, labelling efforts are reduced significantly. LogMerge employs a word embedding method to construct the vectors of words and templates, and then utilizes a clustering technique to group templates based on semantics, addressing the challenge that different types of logs are different in syntax. In addition, LogMerge combines CNN and LSTM to build an anomaly detection model, which not only effectively extracts the sequential feature of logs, but also minimizes the impact of noises in logs. We have conducted extensive experiments on publicly available datasets, which demonstrates that compared with the current supervised/unsupervised learning methods, LogMerge achieves higher accuracy. Moreover, LogMerge achieves high accuracy when there are few anomaly labels in the target type of logs, which therefore significantly reduces labelling efforts.

Key words: syslog, anomaly detection, cloud datacenter, word embedding, CNN, LSTM