关键词: 忆阻器阵列, 模拟矩阵向量乘法, 高能效科学计算, 存内并行处理系统, 稀疏线性代数系统

Abstract: Matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) is a key computing kernel for solving high-performance scientific systems. Recent work by Feinberg et al has proposed a method of deploying high-precision operands on memristive crossbars, showing its great potential on accelerating scientific MVM. Since different types of scientific computing applications have different precision requirements, providing appropriate computation methods for specific applications is an effective way to further reduce energy consumption. This paper proposes a system with mantissa compaction and alignment optimization strategies. Under the premise of implementing the basic function of high-precision floating-point memristive MVM, the proposed system is also possible to properly select the compaction bits of the floating-point mantissa according to application precision requirements. By neglecting the activation of the low-bit crossbars with less mantissa significance and the redundant alignment crossbars when performing computation, the energy consumption of computational crossbars and peripheral circuits are significantly reduced. The evaluation result shows that when the crossbar-based in-memory solutions of sparse linear systems have average solving residual of 0~10\+\{-3\} order of magnitude compared with the software baseline, the average energy consumption of computational crossbars and peripheral analog-to-digital converters are reduced by 5%~65% and 30%~55% compared with the existing work without optimization, respectively.

Key words: memristive crossbars, analog matrix-vector multiplication, energy-efficient scientific computing, in-memory parallel processing system, sparse linear algebra system