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    面向多层级区块链架构的轻量级高效验证资产跨链转移方法

    A Lightweight and Efficiently Verified Assets Cross-Chain Transfer Method for Multi-Level Blockchains Architecture

    • 摘要: 多层级区块链架构是一种将多个区块链组织成树形的架构,其中每层的区块链可以通过跨链技术控制和管理与其连接的下一层区块链的部分功能和链上数据. 然而,这种架构下的资产跨链转移是一个多跳跨链问题,证明跨链交易成功执行的证据需要沿源链到目标链路径进行多跳的传递与验证,导致跨链事务的执行时延较长、证据传输开销与验证开销较大的问题. 为此,提出一种面向多层级区块链架构的轻量级高效验证资产跨链转移方法,该方法引入顶层见证链连接各多层级架构,并在各链上部署见证合约,使跨链事务中的源链和目标链的父链作为见证链驱动跨链事务的完成. 此外,还提出一种基于Verkle树的跨链事务验证证据,方法将区块内需要处理的跨链事务信息组织在采用KZG(Kate-Zaverucha-Goldberg)多项式承诺的Verkle树中,并将KZG承诺和证明数据加入证据中,通过验证证据证明跨链事务的执行状态,从而优化证据的传输和验证. 理论分析和对方法原型的实验证明,方法降低了跨链事务的执行时延,并且相比采用简单支付验证的方案在不增加证据传输开销的基础上降低了证据验证开销,具有轻量级和高效验证的特点.

       

      Abstract: The multi-level blockchains architecture is an architecture that organizes multiple blockchains into a tree, where each blockchain can control and manage part of the functions and on-chain data of the next level of the blockchains to which it is connected by cross-chain technology. However, the cross-chain transfer of assets under this architecture is a multi-hop cross-chain problem, where the evidence of successful execution of a cross-chain transaction needs to be transmitted and verified in multiple hops on the path from the source chain to the target chain, resulting in longer execution latency of the cross-chain transaction, higher evidence transmission overhead and verification overhead. Therefore, this paper proposes a lightweight and efficiently verified assets cross-chain transfer method for multi-level blockchains architecture, which introduces a top-level witness chain connecting each multi-level architecture and deploys a witness contract on each chain, so that the parent chains of the source and target chains in a cross-chain transaction act as witness chains to drive the completion of the cross-chain transaction. This paper also introduces a cross-chain transaction verification evidence based on Verkle tree, the method organizes the cross-chain transaction information to be processed in the same block in a Verkle tree employing KZG polynomial commitment, and adds the KZG commitment and the proof data into the evidence, and proves the execution state of the cross-chain transaction by verifying the evidence, so as to optimize the transmission and verification of the evidence. Theoretical analysis and experiments on the prototype of the method prove that the method reduces the execution latency of the cross-chain transaction and reduces the evidence verification overhead compared to the scheme using SPV without increasing the evidence transmission overhead, which is lightweight and efficiently verified.

       

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