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    基于探测-支付机制的网络编码自私节点激励方案

    Detect-Defray Mechanism Based Motivation Scheme for Selfish Nodes of Network Coding

    • 摘要: 网络编码是数据传输领域的一项新技术.在网络编码中,节点允许在数据转发的基础上对数据进行编码处理,从而提高网络的带宽利用率和吞吐量.然而当网络中某些节点存在自私性时,这些自私节点会延迟转发数据,从而造成网络编码时延的增加,降低通信的效率,严重时会造成网络编码中断,出现通信混乱.针对该问题,提出了基于探测-支付机制的网络编码自私节点激励方案.在方案中,首先对网络节点的时延进行探测,将网络节点的时延当作网络编码的成本,然后引入经济学中的支付机制,把网络编码看作是一种源节点消费、中继节点提供服务的交易行为.在支付机制运行的过程中,源节点作为消费者需要向提供网络编码服务的中继节点支付报酬.由于中继节点在提供服务时获得收益,因此支付机制会提高中继节点配合源节点进行网络编码的积极性.方案分析表明:该激励方案能够减小网络编码的时延,有效地抑制节点的自私性,最终提高了网络编码的有效性.

       

      Abstract: Network coding is a new technology in the field of data transmission. In network coding, nodes are allowed to encode the data received from different nodes so that bandwidth utilization and network throughput can be improved. Whereas, if there are some selfish nodes in the network, these selfish nodes will delay or refuse coding and forwarding. It will increase the delay of network coding and reduce the efficiency of communication. When the problem gets more serious, the network coding will break off, and communication chaos will arise. In order to solve this problem, the motivation scheme based on detect-defray mechanism for selfish nodes of network coding is proposed. In the motivation scheme, firstly, the delay of nodes for encoding and forwarding will be detected, which can be the cost of network coding. Then it operates the defrayment part, in which network coding is regarded as a kind of economic behavior, and source nodes are consumers, and intermediate nodes are providers, and remuneration will be defrayed for providers from consumers when defrayment mechanism operates. Since intermediate nodes benefit from network coding when providing services, the enthusiasm of intermediate nodes for network coding can be improved, meanwhile the delay of network coding will be reduced. Scheme analysis shows that, the motivation scheme can reduce the delay of network coding and control the nodes' selfishness effectively. Finally, the effectiveness of network coding can be improved.

       

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