操作系统虚拟化的研究现状与展望

吴松; 王坤; 金海

doi:10.7544/issn1000-1239.2019.20180720

操作系统虚拟化的研究现状与展望

(服务计算技术与系统教育部重点实验室(华中科技大学) 武汉 430074) (集群与网格计算湖北省重点实验室(华中科技大学) 武汉 430074) (华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院武汉 430074) (wusong@hust.edu.cn)

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB1000501)；国家自然科学基金项目(61732010,61872155)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(HUST:2016YXZD016)

详细信息

中图分类号: TP316
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出版历程
- 发布日期: 2018-12-31

Research Situation and Prospects of Operating System Virtualization

(Services Computing Technology and System Lab (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan 430074) (Cluster and Grid Computing Lab (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan 430074) (College of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074)

摘要

摘要: 容器技术作为一种轻量级虚拟化技术，近年来不仅广泛应用于云计算平台和数据中心的资源管理、系统运维和软件部署中，也逐步应用于包括边缘计算、物联网等在内的新领域，表现出了良好的发展态势和应用前景.在此背景下，操作系统虚拟化作为容器的核心技术引起了广泛的关注.操作系统虚拟化允许多个应用在共享同一主机操作系统内核的环境下隔离运行，具有启动快速、部署方便、资源占用少、运行效率高等优点，但是也存在隔离性较弱等不足之处，后者也成为了虚拟化领域的研究热点.首先介绍操作系统虚拟化的历史背景和技术架构，并与传统虚拟化技术对比总结操作系统虚拟化技术的特点；随后分别从容器实例层、容器管理层和内核资源层梳理和分析操作系统虚拟化当前研究现状；最后阐述了操作系统虚拟化领域的技术挑战和研究展望.
- 操作系统 /
- 容器 /
- 虚拟化 /
- 容器管理 /
- 资源隔离
Abstract: As a kind of lightweight virtualization technology, container has not only been widely used in resource management and DevOps of cloud computing platform and data center in recent years, but also gradually applied to some new fields such as edge computing and Internet of things. Container has shown a good development trend and application prospect. So, operating system virtualization as a core technology of container has received widespread attention in both industry and academia. Operating system virtualization allows multiple applications to run in a set of isolated runtime environment by sharing the same host operating system kernel. It has the advantages of fast startup, convenient deployment, low resource consumption, high running efficiency. However, there are also deficiencies such as weak isolation. And the deficiency has become a research hotspot in the field of virtualization. In this survey, we first introduce the technical architecture of operating system virtualization and compare it with traditional virtualization technology to summarize its characteristics. Then we analyze the current research status of operating system virtualization from container instance layer, container management layer and kernel resource layer. Finally, the paper lays out several challenges and research prospects of operating system virtualization.
- operating system /
- container /
- virtualization /
- container management /
- resource isolation

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