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    超图神经网络综述

    Survey on Hypergraph Neural Networks

    • 摘要: 近年来,图神经网络借助大量数据和超强计算能力在推荐系统和自然语言处理等应用领域取得显著成效,它主要处理具有成对关系的图数据. 但许多现实网络中的对象之间的关系是复杂的非成对关系,如科研合作网络、蛋白质网络等. 若直接用图结构将这种复杂的关系表示为成对关系,会导致信息丢失. 超图是一种灵活的建模工具,可以展现出图无法完整刻画的高阶关系,弥补了图的不足. 鉴于此,研究者开始关心如何在超图上设计神经网络,并相继提出应用于下游任务的超图神经网络模型(hypergraph neural network,HGNNs). 故对现有的超图神经网络模型进行综述,首先全面回顾超图神经网络在过去3年的研究历程;其次根据设计超图神经网络采用的方法不同对其进行分类,并详细地阐述代表性的模型;然后介绍了超图神经网络的应用领域;最后总结和探讨了超图神经网络未来的研究方向.

       

      Abstract: In recent years, graph neural networks have achieved remarkable results in application fields such as recommendation systems and natural language processing with the help of large amounts of data and supercomputing power, and they mainly deal with graph data with pairwise relationships. However, in many real-world networks, the relationships between objects are more complex and beyond pairwise, such as scientific collaboration networks, protein networks, and others. If we directly use a graph to represent the complex relationships as pairwise relations, which will lead to a loss of information. Hypergraph is a flexible modeling tool, which shows higher-order relationships that cannot be fully described by a graph, making up for the shortage of graph. In light of this, scholars begin to care about how to develop neural networks on hypergraph, and successively put forward many hypergraph neural network models. Therefore, we overview the existing hypergraph neural network models. Firstly, we comprehensively review the development of the hypergraph neural network in the past three years. Secondly, we propose a new classification method according to the design method of hypergraph neural networks, and elaborate on representative models. Then, we introduce the application areas of hypergraph neural networks. Finally, the future research direction of hypergraph neural networks are summarized and discussed.

       

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