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    ChatModeler:基于大语言模型的人机协作迭代式需求获取和建模方法

    ChatModeler: A Human-Machine Collaborative and Iterative Requirements Elicitation and Modeling Approach via Large Language Models

    • 摘要: 需求获取和建模是需求工程中的关键步骤,影响后续系统设计与实现. 传统的需求获取和建模方法通常由需求提供者、需求分析师等多类干系人共同协作、反复迭代完成,需要耗费大量的人力. 如何减轻需求提供者与需求分析师的负担、提高获取和建模的效率有着重要意义. 现有工作中有的使用知识库来提供更多知识,以辅助获取或者建模,有的利用自然语言处理等技术对获取或者建模过程进行自动化,但是它们并没有减轻需求提供者的负担. 利用大语言模型(large language models,LLMs )的生成能力,提供了一种人机协作的迭代式需求获取和建模框架ChatModeler.具体来说,根据真实世界中需求团队的分工及协作关系,将部分需求提供者、需求分析师等角色的工作由大语言模型承担,而需求提供者只需要进行确认. 为大语言模型扮演的各种角色进行了提示词设计,该提示词会随需求的元模型而变化. ChatModeler在7个需求案例上与3种需求模型的自动建模方法进行了14组对比实验,证明了ChatModeler在降低需求提供者的负担和生成高质量需求模型2个方面上的优越性.

       

      Abstract: Requirements elicitation and modeling is a critical step in requirements engineering that affects subsequent system design and implementation. Traditional requirements elicitation and modeling methods usually involve multiple types of stakeholders, such as requirement providers and requirements analysts, working together in an iterative manner, which requires a lot of manpower. It is important to reduce the burden of requirements providers and requirements analysts and improve the efficiency of elicitation and modeling. Some of the existing efforts use knowledge bases to provide more knowledge to assist modeling or elicitation, and some use natural language processing techniques to automate the elicitation or modeling process. But they do not reduce the burden of requirements providers. Leveraging the generative capability of LLMs (large language models), we provide ChatModeler, a requirement elicitation and modeling framework for iterative human-machine collaboration. Specifically, based on the division of labor and collaboration relationship of real-world requirements teams, some work of requirements providers and requirements analysts is taken up by LLMs, while requirements providers only need to perform confirmation. In this paper, prompts are designed for the various roles played by the various LLMs, which varies with the meta-model of the requirements. ChatModeler is used in 14 sets of comparative experiments with state-of-the-art automated modeling approaches for three types of requirement models on seven requirement cases, demonstrating the superiority of ChatModeler in both reducing the number of interactions of the requirements provider and generating higher quality requirement models.

       

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