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    面向语义标识生成式推荐系统的交互级机器遗忘方法

    Interaction-Level Machine Unlearning for Semantic-ID Generative Recommender Systems

    • 摘要: 语义标识(Semantic ID,SID)生成式推荐系统将物品表示为离散标识序列,并根据用户历史交互生成下一物品标识,是生成式检索在智能信息系统中的典型应用。交互级删除请求到来后,已训练模型需削弱被删交互影响,保持推荐效用,并保证生成标识对应真实物品。现有推荐遗忘方法多面向矩阵分解、嵌入模型或分片训练,难以同时处理SID生成式推荐中的滑动窗口传播和合法标识约束。为此,提出一种面向SID生成式推荐系统的交互级机器遗忘方法依据被删交互在滑动窗口中作为预测目标或历史上下文的不同角色,建立删除请求到相应训练窗口的可追踪映射;在目标遗忘集上以原始模型为参照,抑制被删SID的生成偏好,重建受影响上下文并结合未受影响窗口构造保留训练集,联合优化遗忘与保留目标;推理阶段采用合法SID前缀树约束束搜索。在Amazon Beauty、Sports和Toys数据集的1%交互级删除实验中,所提方法能够削弱被删目标SID的生成偏好,使DelTarget Hit@10相对于原始模型与重训参照之间的差距缩小97.8%~99.7%,并保持删除后数据分布上的推荐效用与生成合法性,且训练开销大幅低于重训。

       

      Abstract: Semantic ID (SID)-based generative recommender systems represent items as sequences of discrete identifiers and generate the identifier of the next item based on a user’s interaction history, constituting a representative application of generative retrieval in intelligent information systems. Upon receiving an interaction-level deletion request, a trained model must reduce the influence of the deleted interaction, preserve recommendation utility, and ensure that generated identifiers correspond to real items. Existing recommendation unlearning methods are primarily designed for matrix factorization, embedding-based models, or sharded training, making it difficult to simultaneously address sliding-window propagation and valid-identifier constraints in SID-based generative recommendation. To address these challenges, we propose an interaction-level machine unlearning method for SID-based generative recommender systems. Based on the distinct roles of a deleted interaction as either a prediction target or part of the historical context in sliding-window training, the method establishes a traceable mapping from deletion requests to the corresponding training windows. Using the original model as a reference, it suppresses the generation preference for deleted SIDs in the target forgetting set, reconstructs affected contexts, and combines the reconstructed and unaffected windows to construct a retained training set, thereby jointly optimizing the forgetting and retention objectives. At inference time, beam search is constrained by a prefix trie of valid SIDs. Experiments with 1% interaction-level deletion on the Amazon Beauty, Sports, and Toys datasets demonstrate that the proposed method closes 97.8%–99.7% of the DelTarget Hit@10 gap between the original model and the retrained reference, while preserving recommendation utility on the post-deletion data distribution and ensuring valid SID generation, with substantially lower training cost than retraining.

       

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