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    汉字编码的方法论和汉字表形符号

    Methodology of Chinese Character Coding (CCC) and Symbols for Shape-representation of Chinese Characters

    • 摘要: 本文首先从信息社会的角度给汉字编码下了一个定义——中国文字的第二种形式.汉字编码的使用不限于电脑,在电脑之外编查字典,打电报、电传,在卡片上、册籍上给资料编索引也都要用汉字编码.因此对汉字编码的要求和对文字的要求是一样的,必须统一,必须有最广阔的适应性.这也是评测汉字编码的首要标准.汉字编码必然以反映方块汉字固有信息的字形码为主,字形码又必然以部件码为主.研究汉字字形结构规律是汉字模型处理的基础.部件是汉字的字母.根据严格的部件的定义,作者把全部汉字拆分出近400个部件.又根据确定的特征、把全部部件归纳为2个系,5个型,13个式,49个类,为汉字的部件建立了一个体系严谨的分类系统.这个分类系统还可以是汉字识字教育的重要手段.在天然部件分类系统的基础上,经过分解和合成,利用拉丁字母和数目字方面的规律,把49个部件类合并在电脑小键盘的31个键上,就成了编码部件.既给部件归类、命名,又做到有序性,汉字编码这个"瓶颈"就可以突破了.文中详细地介绍了作者自己设计的"汉字表形符号"和一系列编码——电脑码,纯字形码,能区别同音字的字音码,字典码,电报编码,日本、朝鲜汉字编码.这套编码方法还同时适用简...

       

      Abstract: First,from the viewpoint of the present information society,the authors give a new definition to CCC,which is a second form of Chinese Characters.The application of CCC is not limited to the computer technology only,but also extends to many other areas,such as compiling a dictionary,sending a telegraph or telex and compiling indexes on cards or books.Therefore,it is required that CCC must be unified and most widely adaptable,just as it is with Chinese characters,which is also a most important criterion in evaluating a CCC scheme.The design of a CCC scheme should be mainly based on Chinese character's shape code which reflects the inherent meanings of Chinese characters.And the shape code depends on the components of Chinese characters.Hence,the study of the structural law of a Chinese character's shape is the foundation for processing a Chinese character model.Components are the letters of a Chinese character.According to the strict definition of components,the authors have divided the whole of Chinese characters into nearly 400 components,and on the basis of their definite features,classified the components into 2 series,5 types,13 forms and 49 categories,thus establishing a systematic and coherent classification system for Chinese character components.This system could also be used as an important means for those who learn to read Chinese characters.On the foundation of the classification system of natural components,and through composing and decomposing,the 49 categories of components are arranged on the 31 keys of a standard computer by applying the laws of Latin alphabet and numerals.These components are called"coding components",because they are sorted,named and put in order.The"bottleneck",i.e.the difficulties in CCC is thus broken through.In this paper,the authors present in detail the"symbols for shape-representation of of Chinese characters"and a series of CCC schemes——computer code,pure shape code,pronunciation code which can distinguish homonyms,dictionary code,telegraph code and the Chinese characters in Japanese and Korean.This CCC scheme is as well suitable for both simplified forms and original complex forms of Chinese characters.This method which uses only one kind of basic symbols(or code names)enables the CCC to reach a high level of unity.

       

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