Abstract: With the development of HPC (high performance computing) technologies, HPC has been used to solve the problems of scientific research and industry production in more and more fields. HPC applications have developed rapidly in many scientific fields and boosted significant technology innovations. Since 2004, the Supercomputing Center of CAS (the Chinese Academy of Sciences) has investigated the HPC application requirements of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in CAS several times. The total HPC requirements of CAS have been calculated based on the collected detail requirements in each application field. The results provide references for building the HPC environment and developing the HPC applications of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in CAS. In this paper the state-of-arts in the research and development of HPC applications is briefly introduced, the progress of building HPC environment and developing HPC applications in CAS is described, and the HPC application requirements of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in CAS are also analyzed. Finally, the prospect of HPC application development is presented.