Abstract: Traditional high performance computer （HPC） architectures are facing innovation. The design and running models of application, reconfigurable computing, grid and optical interconnection will affect the future architecture of HPC deeply. In this paper the dynamic self-organized architecture based on grid-components （DSAG） is presented. DSAG is based on the concept of de-clustering, that is to divide the different functional components of a traditional computer apart and reorganize them dynamically. The separated functional components （grid-components） provide service independently via optical interconnection network. Then an HPC system is built with grid-components dynamically according to the requirements of application. DSAG enables very large scale HPC system to be built. Based on DASG a new HPC design model--"architecture on demand" is presented. In this model the architecture is adjusted corresponding to the application characteristics instead of rewriting program to adapt to architecture change. The supporting optic technology and operating system for DSAG are also discussed. Finally other levels system design that may apply the DSAG concept are presented.