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    基于节点稳定概率和链路贡献度的应用层组播树生成算法

    Algorithms of Spanning Tree Based on the Stability Probability and Contribution Link of Nodes for Application Layer Multicast

    • 摘要: 组播技术从IP组播向应用层组播的发展,解决了IP组播部署难的问题.应用层组播依靠终端主机进行组播数据的转发,需要解决应用层组播的稳定性.最小延迟组播树的生成等问题.首先分析了影响应用层组播稳定和延时的3个因素:节点稳定概率、节点出度约束和节点间的通信延时.根据这些影响因素抽象出基于稳定概率的度约束边带权应用层组播树生成T-SDE模型,给出稳定度在T-SDE下的表达形式,并证明T-SDE问题属于NP-hard;其次通过分析节点对组播树稳定和延时的贡献,给出3种基于节点稳定概率和链路贡献度的T-SDE问题的近似解决算法;实验表明,该类算法生成的组播树在平均延时、最大延时和稳定度等方面有较大优势.

       

      Abstract: Application layer multicast (ALM) which relys on independent terminal hosts to relay multicast data, has emerged as a viable solution to most problems associated with IP multicast. However, the application layer multicast faces new challenges, for instance, the stability of ALM system, the minimum delay spanning tree of ALM, etc. In this paper, the research focuses on the algorithms of the high stability and minimum delay spanning tree for application layer multicast. Firstly, the paper analyzes the influencing factors of ALM stability and delay, and attributes them to the stability probability of terminal hosts, the degree constraints of terminal hosts and the unicast cost between two terminal hosts. The problem of the high stability and minimum delay spanning tree is modeled into a spanning tree based on stability probability, degree-constrained, and edge-weighted for application layer multicast (T-SDE). We propose a theorem of stability degree under the T-SDE, and show that T-SDE is NP-hard. Secondly, through analyzing the contribution of nodes to application layer multicast in stability and delay, three algorithms of spanning tree are given based on the stability probability and contribution link of nodes. Finally, from the experiment, the spanning trees of these algorithms are approved to have a great advantage in the average delay, the maximum delay, and the stability degree.

       

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