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    视点间的不一致性检查和视点集成

    CHECKING INCONSISTENCY AMONG VIEWPOINTS AND VIEWPOINTS INTEGRATION

    • 摘要: 需求定义人员常从不同的观察角度来定义大型软件系统的需求 ,从而形成多个部分需求说明 (视点 ) .由于视点之间的相对独立性 ,多视点的集成是需求工程中一项重要而又困难的研究课题 .使用形式化方法来描述视点需求和视点间的关系将使视点集成能自动进行 .在此 ,使用 SFSM状态转换图来描述视点需求 ,并将视点间的关系用谓词的形式表示在状态图中状态转换的卫士条件中 ,同时在此基础上提出了一种自动合成视点的方法 .需求定义人员可以根据状态等价关系与合成后状态图的冲突来检查和解决两个视点之间的不一致性 .通过重复视点合成和检查、处理视点间的不一致性这一过程 ,多个视点可以被集成为整个软件系统的需求说明 .应用了一个电话系统的例子说明了此视点需求表示和视点集成方法 .使用此方法 ,视点集成过程可以自动完成 ,同时还可以在一定程度上引导需求定义人员检查和解决视点间的不一致性 .

       

      Abstract: By defining software’s requirements from different standpoints, requirement definers often get partial requirement specifications (viewpoints). Because of the independence of viewpoints, viewpoints’ integration is an important and difficult problem in requirements engineering. Viewpoint integration can be auto-processed when viewpoints’ requirement and relations of viewpoints are formularized. In this paper, an SFSM state transition diagram is to describe viewpoint’s requirement. Viewpoints’ relations are described in the guard condition of the state transition diagram. A method of checking and handling inconsistency among viewpoints based on SFSM is also presented. According to the conflict of the equivalence relation of states and the integrated state transition diagrams, requirement definers can check and handle viewpoints’ inconsistency. The set of viewpoints can be integrated to the requirement specification of the whole software system after requirement definers repeat the process of integrating viewpoints and handling inconsistency. In this paper, an example of telephone system is presented to illuminate the process of viewpoints’ integration. Using this method, requirement definers can automatically achieve viewpoints’ integration and can be educed to check and handle viewpoints’ inconsistency.

       

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