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    一种面向联盟链Hyperledger Fabric的并发冲突事务优化方法

    A Concurrent Conflict Transaction Optimization Method for Consortium Blockchain Hyperledger Fabric

    • 摘要: 随着区块链技术应用的普及,联盟链Hyperledger Fabric(简称Fabric)已成为知名区块链开源平台,并得到广泛关注. 然而Fabric仍受困于并发事务间冲突问题,冲突发生时会引发大量无效交易上链,导致吞吐量下降,阻碍其发展. 对于该问题,现有面向块内冲突的方案缺乏高效的冲突检测和避免方法,同时现有研究往往忽略区块间冲突对吞吐量的不利影响. 提出了一种Fabric的优化方案Fabric-HT(fabric with high throughput),从区块内和区块间2方面入手,有效降低事务间并发冲突和提高系统吞吐量. 针对区块内事务冲突,提出了一种事务调度机制,根据块内冲突事务集定义了一种高效数据结构——依赖关系链,识别具有“危险结构”的事务并提前中止,合理调度事务和消除冲突;针对区块间事务冲突,将冲突事务检测提前至排序节点完成,建立以“推送-匹配”为核心的冲突事务早期避免机制. 在多场景下开展大量实验,结果表明Fabric-HT在吞吐量、事务中止率、事务平均执行时间、无效事务空间占用率等方面均优于对比方案. Fabric-HT吞吐量最高可达Fabric的9.51倍,是最新优化方案FabricSharp的1.18倍;空间利用率上相比FabricSharp提升了14%. 此外,Fabric-HT也表现出较好的鲁棒性和抗攻击能力.

       

      Abstract: With the prevalence of blockchain technology, Hyperledger Fabric (Fabric for short), as a well-known open source blockchain platform, has received wide attention. However, Fabric still suffers from conflicts between concurrent transactions. Conflicts will cause a large number of invalid transactions entering the chain, resulting in a decrease in throughput and hindering its development. For this problem, existing intra-block-conflict-oriented schemes lack efficient conflict detection and avoidance methods, and ignore the adverse impact of inter-block conflicts on throughput. We propose an optimization scheme for Fabric, Fabric-HT (Fabric with high throughput), from both intra-block and inter-block aspects to effectively reduce concurrency inter-transaction conflicts and improve system throughput. For intra-block transaction conflicts, we present a transaction scheduling mechanism, in which an efficient data structure (the dependency chain) is defined to identify and abort transactions with “dangerous structures” in advance, reasonably schedule transactions and eliminate conflicts; for inter-block transaction conflicts, the conflict transaction detection is moved to the sorting node to complete, and an early conflict transaction avoidance mechanism following “push-match” pattern is established. A large number of experiments are carried out in multiple scenarios, and the results show that Fabric-HT overperforms existing schemes in terms of throughput, transaction abort rate, average transaction execution time, and invalid transaction space occupancy. The results show that the throughput of Fabric-HT can reach up to 9.51x that of Fabric and 1.18x of the latest optimized scheme FabricSharp; compared with FabricSharp, the space utilization is increased by 14%. In addition, Fabric-HT also shows good robustness and anti-attack ability in solving concurrent transaction conflict.

       

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