Vehicle Computing: An Emerging Computing Paradigm for the Autonomous Driving Era

Lu Sidi; He Yuankai; Shi Weisong

doi:10.7544/issn1000-1239.202440538

Journal of Computer Research and Development > 2025 > 62(1): 2-21. > DOI: 10.7544/issn1000-1239.202440538 CSTR: 32373.14.issn1000-1239.202440538

Lu Sidi, He Yuankai, Shi Weisong. Vehicle Computing: An Emerging Computing Paradigm for the Autonomous Driving Era[J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2025, 62(1): 2-21. DOI: 10.7544/issn1000-1239.202440538

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Vehicle Computing: An Emerging Computing Paradigm for the Autonomous Driving Era

1.
Department of Computer Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA 23185
2.
Department of Computer & Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA 19716

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Author Bio:
Lu Sidi: born in 1994. PhD, PhD supervisor, assistant professor of computer science at William & Mary, USA. Her main research interests include edge computing, emerging mobility, and applied AI and data science, aimed at enhancing the reliability, scalability, security, and efficiency of networked, distributed, and autonomous systems

He Yuankai: born in 1997. PhD candidate. Member of the CAR Lab at the University of Delaware. His main research interests include computer vision, simulation, digital twin, C-V2X, and autonomous driving

Shi Weisong: born in 1974. PhD, IEEE Fellow, Alumni Distinguished Professor of the Department of Computer and Information Sciences at the University of Delaware in USA. His main research interests include edge computing, autonomous driving, and connected health
Received Date: June 16, 2024
Revised Date: November 13, 2024
Available Online: November 18, 2024

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Abstract

Abstract

With rapid advancements in edge computing, sensing, AI, and communication technologies, vehicles are undergoing an unprecedented transformation. We introduce a new computing paradigm for the autonomous driving era—vehicle computing. In this paradigm, data and control layers are separated, creating an open computing platform that supports multi-party collaboration and data sharing, breaking away from the limitations of traditional, closed vehicle systems. This paradigm enables vehicles to transcend conventional transportation roles, evolving into versatile mobile computing platforms that support a wide range of advanced applications and third-party services. We define the core concepts of vehicle computing, analyze the revolutionary evolution of software and computing architectures within vehicles, and present promising application examples, as well as a novel business model enabled by this paradigm. The five core functionalities of vehicle computing, i.e., computation, communication, energy management, sensing, and data storage, and their related cutting-edge technologies are thoroughly explored. We conclude by discussing key technical challenges and promising opportunities within vehicle computing, aiming to inspire further academic and industry research in this innovative field.
- vehicle computing,
- autonomous driving,
- computation,
- communication,
- energy management,
- mobile sensing,
- data storage,
- software-defined vehicles

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References (125)

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